Envolvimento parental no contexto da educação infantil e séries iniciais de alunos com autismo

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the practices of parental involvement of the schools faced on mothers whose their children have autism. It was observed a shortage of national studies about the theme even official documents about the inclusion of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder highlight the family role with school and still, studies involving the theme limited to investigate students with this typical development, without consider the specificities as in the case of students with ASD. From the literature revision of explanatory models that support the relationship of parental involvement, are proposed reflections about it, regarding the relationship between mothers and students´ school with autism from Joyce Epstein´s typological model. Based on that typology was investigated which are the parental involvement practices implemented by schools and if they contemplate the aspects that students´ mothers with autism value the most, faced on their necessities and of their children. This study fitted in a multiple case study of the type exploratory descriptive transversal, whose the data were analyzed based on contents analysis. Semi-structure Interview about parental involvement practices was used. The interviews were carried out with three mothers whose their children have autism and they are attending the Childhood Education and the first year of Fundamental Education and three teachers of the Municipal Public Schools of Santa Maria city. The results show that among the practices of parental involvement, there is the home-school, which is perceived by mothers as inadequate, undermining the trust between these communication contexts. As for school support to mothers to encourage their children's learning, it was observed that the orientations of teachers are more focused on the deficits of students than their resources. Finally, the model of parental involvement was adequate for understanding this phenomenon in the Brazilian reality.