Dissertação
Perfil sócio-produtivo de pecuaristas na área de proteção ambiental do rio Ibirapuitã (APA do Ibirapuitã) e avaliação da diversidade funcional de pastagens naturais da região centro-oeste do Rio Grande do Sul
Fecha
2010-07-23Registro en:
PEREIRA, Liana Pereira de. Socio-productive profile of farmers in Ibirapuitã s environmental protection area (Ibirapuitã's EPA) and evaluation of functional diversity of natural grasslands of central west region of the Rio Grande do Sul. 2010. 121 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010.
Autor
Pereira, Liana Pereira de
Institución
Resumen
The work was developed to recognize farmers profiles living in Ibirapuitã s Environmental Protection Area (Ibirapuitã s EPA) and identifies characteristics guiding management decisions and their social reproduction. Evaluation of the use of functional types based on
grasses was also considered as an alternative to guide decision making considering appropriate management and sustainable development of areas of native grasslands. The work is divided into two approaches. The first is to collect data through semi-structured interviews, in production units located in Alegrete, Rosário do Sul and Santana do Livramento, within the Ibirapuitã s EPA. Data were tabulated in an Excel spreadsheet and multivariate analysis was performed to determine ranchers profiles in the area. Cluster analysis showed three basic profiles: familiar farmers, specialized familiar farmers and enterprise ranchers . All produce cattle and sheep on natural pasture. Through ordination analysis, we determined socioeconomic and cultural characteristics that influence in management of natural resources. In
the second approach were conducted four assessments of the floristic composition in Alegrete municipality in October 2008, April 2009, October 2009 and January 2010. In all evaluations were performed to determine the specific leaf area (SLA) and dry matter content (LDMC) of grasses with the greater contribution in forage mass. Data relating to botanical survey were analyzed using software MULTIV. SLA and LDMC collected data were analyzed together with the same attributes already determined in Santa Maria and Bagé, where functional types had already been determined by testing the factors grazing, burning, fertilization, site and functional types. We performed multivariate analysis using the software MULTIV. Variation of herbage mass of botanical families in the evaluated area was relevant to management compared with total variation in herbage mass. The grazing factor allowed the selection of
species of types A and B over the species conservation of resources types C and D. The use of functional types of grasses can be extended to other regions like the West Border of the RS by the consistency showed that the functional attributes.