Dissertação
Tema transversal saúde nos anos iniciais da educação básica: um estudo em escolas com baixo IDEB
Fecha
2014-02-11Registro en:
SANTOS, Marcelli Evans Telles dos. HEALTH TRANSVERSAL THEME IN EARLY YEARS OF BASIC EDUCATION: A STUDY IN SCHOOLS WITH LOW IDEB. 2014. 119 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2014.
Autor
Santos, Marcelli Evans Telles dos
Institución
Resumen
Health is one of the themes proposed by the National Curriculum Guidelines to be crafted by the
school as a Transversal Theme. The Transversal Themes correspond to urgent issues for Brazilian
society, expressing concepts and fundamental to democracy and citizenship and their inclusion in the
school environment values implies a continuous work since the beginning of school life. In this context,
this dissertation sought to identify as the health Transversal Theme was running in the early years of
schools with low performance in the evaluation of the Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica
(IDEB). Thus, the work was divided into three phases being developed in three public schools from
Uruguaiana/RS, which had scores lower than 3.5 in IDEB 2009. The first step aimed at investigating
the academic training of teacher s unidocentes in relation to themes of health and investigate aspects
of the pedagogical practice of the health Transversal Theme through the application of a questionnaire
to 22 teachers unidocentes. In the second stage 8 Science textbooks were analyzed to verify the
presence of health and his approach as a Transversal Theme. The third step was aimed to provide
educational activities for health at school and jointly identify their perceptions of health, 360 students
participated in this step. According to the obtained results it can be seen, in general, that the health
issue is addressed in the pedagogical practices of the schools studied, but is not handled by the
teachers and the textbooks as a Transversal Theme. With regard to academic education, part of the
teachers reported that they had insufficient initial training on the health issue and found that they have
no prospects of continuing education. Thus, this deficit reflects in their training practices in which
health issues are treated mainly in science classes, the majority of teachers, through lectures using as
the main source of planning the textbook. In the second stage, the analysis showed that health
occupies a few pages in the textbooks which deal mainly on diseases. The results of the third stage
showed that most students associate the meaning of health eating habits and hygiene therefore, have
a fragmented understanding about health. In interventions students were receptive and participative
however we identified a lack of independence for carrying out the activities and considerable
difficulties in working with others. Upon execution of this work gaps that need to be filled were found
aiming to thus education for effective health care that can pass on a healthy life in adulthood and
likewise in improving school practices in an attempt to raise the grades of respective schools on
assessments of basic education. It is hoped that the questions raised in this dissertation as well as the
results and inferences can cooperate in future studies on education and health in the school context
and mostly generate provocations, reflections and discussions among students and professionals
about school practices with Transversal Themes.