Dissertação
Detecção precoce de recidivas em pacientes com mieloma múltiplo através da análise de imunoglobulinas monoclonais
Fecha
2014-12-15Registro en:
AITA, Marta Helena Carlesso. EARLY DETECTION OF RELAPSES IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA
BY ANALYSIS OF MONOCLONAL IMMUNOGLOBULINS. 2014. 85 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Farmacologia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2014.
Autor
Aita, Marta Helena Carlesso
Institución
Resumen
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable progressive hematologic malignancy with
heterogeneous evolution. It is a disease characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of
plasma cells in the bone marrow producing monoclonal immunoglobulins and causing a
number of organ dysfunctions. Most patients relapse after treatment. Therefore, the use of
methods of analysis of serum and urinary samples in order to detect as early as possible the
presence of monoclonal immunoglobulins, before the occurrence of relapses, may aid in the
treatment of patients with MM, improving its quality and prolonging survival. In this study
we compared the effectiveness of the techniques of immunofixation (IF) and electrophoresis
(EP) in the detection of MM relapses. For this, 52 patients under treatment in the University
Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) were monitored, being detected the relapse of the disease in
nine of these patients. A retrospective analysis of serum proteins of the nine patients, between
January 2012 and July 2014, showed that IF was more effective than EP in early detection of
relapse, regardless of the present class of immunoglobulins. The precocity of IF in relation to
EP in detecting MM relapses in the nine patients studied, ranged from 2.0 to 18.8 months,
with a mean of 6.6 months. Thus, we suggest the implementation of IF in the Clinical
Analysis Laboratory (CAL) of HUSM to help onco-hematology physicians in the diagnosis
and supportive care for patients with MM.