Desenvolvimento de conversores estáticos para sistemas fotovoltaicos autônomos

Abstract

This work presents a new energy conditioning system for application in stand-alone photovoltaic systems with battery bank. Firstly, the characteristics of solar photovoltaic energy, the modeling of a photovoltaic cell and the equivalent electrical circuit are presented. In a second moment, the photovoltaic generation systems and a review of the static converters applied to stand-alone photovoltaic systems with battery bank are presented. From this study it is proposed a new photovoltaic generation system, with distributed energy processing based on series-connected DC-DC converters. The proposed system presents better utilization of the energy generated by the panels through the employment of more than one array of photovoltaic panels and a static power converter for each subsystem. Thereby, the losses through shading are reduced, and also the reliability of the system is increased, once even if one of the subsystems fails, the system will keep on generating electricity to the loads of higher priority. Posteriorly, the analyses of the operation of the system and simulation results are presented. Finally, it is presented experimental results, comparing the efficiency of the utilization of the energy generated by the input stage of the proposed system and by a system traditionally employed in stand-alone photovoltaic systems, showing an energy gain of 16% with the utilization of the proposed system for situations in which at least one panel is shaded.