Dissertação
Matéria orgânica de um argissolo vermelho distrófico úmbrico após a introdução de fitofisionomias antrópicas
Fecha
2011-05-04Registro en:
SOARES, Julio Cesar Wincher. Organic matter in argissolo vermelho distrófico úmbrico after introduction of anthropogenic fitofisionomys
FITOFISIONOMYS.. 2011. 64 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2011.
Autor
Soares, Julio Cesar Wincher
Institución
Resumen
In the state of Rio Grande do Sul the expansion of forestry has been one of the major
agents of landscape change, occupying land previously intended for livestock farming
and agriculture with low technical level, in areas under the influence of the Pampa
biome and the transition of this biome for the Atlantic Forest. There is a widespread
belief about the negative impacts caused by forest plantations on natural resources.
Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the impacts caused by the introduction of forest
plantations on the landscape components, especially on the soil and organic matter. This
study was performed to characterize the components of the landscape topography,
vegetation cover and their relations with soil, as well as temporal variation in soillandscape
Forestry Experiment Station, located in the central region of Rio Grande do
Sul were also found, changes in inventory levels and nitrogen (N and SN) and organic
carbon (CO and SCO) in profiles Typic Umbrian and the labile and stable organic
matter in surface horizon of the soil under native forest at the intermediate stage
regeneration and field man-made with over 35 years, mixed forest of Eucalyptus and
Eucalyptus robusta 35, forest of Eucalyptus grandis with 4 and 21 years, forest of
Acacia mearnsii at age 7, forest of Eucalyptus saligna and 6 years mixed forest with
Pinus 10 years. The results indicated that there is a transitory components of the
landscape between the edge of the Southern Rio Grande Plateau and the Central
Depression of Rio Grande do Sul, as well, there is a characterization of the natural
vegetation types and conflicts of land use. It was also found that the relief and the
genesis of the soils were vegetational conditions for development and that in 22 years
there have been expanding cultivation of Eucalyptus and Pinus and the native forest on
the anthropic field, especially in lands with Argissolos Bruno-Acinzentados and
Argissolos Vermelhos. The organic matter of Argissolo Vermelho distrófico úmbrico,
the results suggest that the levels and stocks of nitrogen and organic carbon of their
surface horizon, altered by the introduction of man-made forest and field areas of
deciduous forest, with a decrease especially in land occupied by forest of Acacia
mearnsii and field of human activity. In relation to the stocks of organic carbon and
nitrogen in the soil profile had a greater influence of other factors and processes of soil
formation than the occupation of land in the last four decades. We also observed
changes in the distribution of particulate organic carbon (POC g.kg-1) in the surface
horizon of the soil, and this organic matter fraction of a sensitive indicator of changes in
land use and soil.