Tese
Eficiência nutricional ao fósforo de clones de batata
Fecha
2016-02-26Registro en:
SAUSEN, Darlene. Nutritional efficiency of phosphorus the potato clones. 2016. 83 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2016.
Autor
Sausen, Darlene
Institución
Resumen
The potato plant is highly demanding regarding the presence of phosphorus (P) readily
available in soil solution. To achieve high yields of tubers, large applications of phosphate
fertilizers are made, which consequently reduce the sustainability of the potato chain and
cause possible environmental contamination. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the
management of fertilizer use and develop potato clones that have high yield and quality, even
in limiting conditions of P. In order to identify efficient clones in P acquisition and use, this
study aimed to characterize the physiological aspects of potato clones under different levels of
P availability and production systems available. In the first experiment, the Asterix, Atlantic,
SMIC 148-A and SMINIA 793101-3 clones from micropropagated plants were grown in
soilless system under low and high P level (2.32 and 23.2 mg P L-1) during the spring and
autumn seasons of Rio Grande do Sul state. In the P utilization efficiency, we found that the
potato clones differ between the spring and autumn season of Rio Grande in soilless culture
system with the use of sand as substrate. Furthermore, we also compared the P efficiency of
these clones between soilless system and field cultivation under low and high P level (70 and
560 kg P2O5 ha-1) in the spring crop. We observed that each clone responds differently to
cultivation systems used as nutritional efficiency to P, and the closed cultivation soilless
system with use of sand as substrate overestimates the responses of potato clones in relation
to P availability. Nevertheless, we sought to differentiate micropropagated potato plants of
plants produced from minitubers as nutritional efficiency to P in closed cultivation soilless
system with use of sand as substrate under high and low P level again. The data suggest that
the propagative origin of the potato plants interferes, in the biomass ratio between root and
shoot, and in the harvest index and P utilization efficiency for all clones. The Asterix, Atlantic
and SMIC 148-A clones suffer interference of the type of propagation material in use
efficiency and P response, while the SMINIA 793101-3 clone is P efficient in the use of nonresponsive
in fresh mass production and tubers total dry mass, regardless of propagativa type
of the plants. Furthermore, the clones were also evaluated with plants from tubers when
grown in pots with soil as substrate in low and high P level (0.025 and 0.11g kg-1) in a
greenhouse, we observed based on the total dry mass, the SMIC 148-A and SMINIA 793101-
3 clones are efficient in the use of P, while Atlantic and SMINIA 793101-3 are responsive to
the increase of P.