Hydroxyapatite Effectiveness in the Healing of Bone and Implants Dental Implants: a Systematic Review of the Literature

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a mineral component of bone. Hydroxyapatite has been marketed as synthetic or alloplastic, porous or nonporous, dense and resorbable or non-resorbable form. It is used as bone graft due to its osteoconductive properties and stimulation of cell proliferation, generating favorable conditions for tissue regeneration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with HA in dental implant surgeries and bone grafts. We conducted a systematic review. Clinical trials on healing and graft of synthetic hydroxyapatite were reviewed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Blackwell and Ebsco. The selection criteria was: patient candidates for treatment of periodontal defects or rehabilitation with dental implants without significant systemic abnormalities. The strategy is summarized in the following: Identification of the problem, identifying search terms, systematic search and selection of articles by using critical analysis guides, Incorporating REVMAN ® information, unbiased analysis, and Meta-analysis. Assessing the meta-analysis shows that the HA is effective for healing bone graft. When omitting low weight studies, the summary measure remains in the HA. Treatment with HA in bone healing and dental implants, is positive with a high rate of success in the long term, although its effective range varies according to the materials to which it is associated.