Artículos de revistas
Cardiac cachexia: Perspectives for prevention and treatment
Fecha
2017-01-01Registro en:
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 108, n. 1, p. 74-80, 2017.
1678-4170
0066-782X
10.5935/abc.20160142
S0066-782X2017000100074
2-s2.0-85010749152
S0066-782X2017000100074.pdf
1590971576309420
4463138671998432
Autor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Institución
Resumen
Cachexia is a prevalent pathological condition associated with chronic heart failure. Its occurrence predicts increased morbidity and mortality independent of important clinical variables such as age, ventricular function, or heart failure functional class. The clinical consequences of cachexia are dependent on both weight loss and systemic inflammation, which accompany cachexia development. Skeletal muscle wasting is an important component of cachexia; it often precedes cachexia development and predicts poor outcome in heart failure. Cachexia clinically affects several organs and systems. It is a multifactorial condition where underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not completely understood making it difficult to develop specific prevention and treatment therapies. Preventive strategies have largely focused on muscle mass preservation. Different treatment options have been described, mostly in small clinical studies or experimental settings. These include nutritional support, neurohormonal blockade, reducing intestinal bacterial translocation, anemia and iron deficiency treatment, appetite stimulants, immunomodulatory agents, anabolic hormones, and physical exercise regimens. Currently, nonpharmacological therapy such as nutritional support and physical exercise are considered central to cachexia prevention and treatment.