Análisis económico de las vacunas 10-valente y 13-valente contra neumococo: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: An easy and effective method for control and prevention of multiple infectious diseases has been massive vaccination. Lately, two new conjugate vaccines against pneumococcus appeared at high prices, and economical analysis do not show a tendency towards the use of this vaccine. The objective of this work was to collect and analyze available information regarding economical evaluations of second-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in risk population. Methodology: Information was systematically gathered through a systematic review of the literature. Eight different databases, located in different countries, and some containing grey literature were used to look for the articles. Initially articles were assessed according to their title and abstract. Afterwards, selected articles were completely read and analyzed for final inclusion. Results: This work was systematic review, in which 404 articles were found and 20 were included in the final analysis. It was found that most of the studies were done in North America and Europe, while countries with the highest burden of the disease (Africa and South East Asia), only few studies were done. Moreover, it was seen that most of the studies showed that the two new vaccines were at least cost effective respect to the use of PCV-7. The results were very heterogeneous, and even in the same country. This shows the need of guidelines for this type of studies. Finally, most of the studies were sponsor by pharmaceutical companies, while just a reduced number were by governmental funds. Conclusions: The vast majority of studies were done in countries with a high index of development and sponsored by pharmaceutical companies. Due to the fact that the burden of pneumococcal infection is located in other regions, associated with countries with a lower development index, more studies are needed in these locations. Likewise, as this is a public health issue, governments should be more strongly involved, conducting and publishing their own economical analyses.