masterThesis
Riesgo aterogénico, hipertensión arterial e índice de masa corporal en empleados de los Llanos Orientales : un estudio observacional analítico en Colombia de 2015 a 2017
Fecha
2017Autor
Cubillos López, Juan
Busuy Gualdron, Robinson
Institución
Resumen
Introduction: The pathologies with metabolic origin such as hypertension and obesity are emerging as one of the biggest health problems worldwide, since they generate high social and economic costs due to pharmacological treatments, specialized medicine and diagnostic tests that they require to them assess and treatment. Objective: To estimate the association between the work developed and the atherogenic risk measured by Castelli 2 Index (HDL / LDL), the presence of arterial hypertension (Pre-HTA, Phase 1 and Phase 2) and the Body Mass Index. (Normal, overweight, obesity) in workers from the eastern plains of Colombia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed, analyzing a database of occupational examinations from December 2015 to May 2017. The Castelli 2 Index, the blood pressure and body mass index were estimated, the mentioned measurements were related to the work performed by each person. Percentages, medians and interquartile ranges were determined, along with Chi-square tests for qualitative variables and Mann-Whitney test for quantitative variables. Also, with the Anova test, were compared the means of the quantitative variables. A value of p <0.05 was taken as statistical significance. Results: The initial assessment was compared with 2 periodic assessments (1 year and 2 years later). It was found that there was an increase between the initial assessment and the periodic evaluations in tobacco consumption (p = 0.028 and p = 0.000), the consumption of alcohol (p = 0.029 and p = 0.000), sports practice (p = 0.021 and p = 0.000), overweight (p = 0.029 and p = 0.000), obesity (p = 0.011 and p = 0.000) and arterial hypertension (p = 0.021 and p = 0.000). When were compared the means of the Body Mass Index, the Systolic-Diastolic Blood Pressure and the atherogenic indexes with the worker's position, only were found statistically significant differences in the Diastolic Blood Pressure (p = 0.025), the Body Mass Index (p = 0.002) and triglycerides (p = 0.006) in favor of professional workers. Conclusion: The control of risk lifestyles, identified comorbidities that increase the risk of cardio-metabolic diseases and the monitoring of workers populations to prevent this kind of pathologies, can generate in long-term the reduction of chronic diseases and healthier working environments. Safety and prevention in the workplace should not be limited to musculoskeletal diseases or work accidents, but rather, include cardiovascular risk programs that result in welfare of the workers and decrease in absenteeism for this cause.