masterThesis
Efectos del entrenamiento de resistencia muscular en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 : revisión de revisiones sistemáticas
Fecha
2018Autor
Amaya Rueda, Bernardo
Institución
Resumen
Background: Physical exercise has been shown to improve the health and wellbeing of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2). Resistance training, specifically, has been shown to have a positive impact on the reduction of clinical variables such as the Body Mass Index (BMI), and to successfully control postprandial glucose (post-GI) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C). Objective: to determine the effects of resistance training in patients with DMT2. Search methods: the following databases were consulted: Pubmed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, LILACS, COCHRANE library, BSCOhost, Google Schoolar for the 1992 - 2017 period, in order to identify systematic reviews (SR) and/or meta-analyses (MA) that evaluated the effect of resistance training on patients with DMT2. An updated search in Pubmed/Medline was carried out in March 2017. Selection criteria: 1) Systematic review and/or meta-analysis, 2) patients with DMT2, 3) resistance training interventions, and 4) participants 18 years old or over. Study evaluations and methods of synthesis: the methodological quality of the included SR was evaluated using the AMSTAR instrument (1). A descriptive synthesis of the results was made. Results: Seven SR fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Eighty-six per cent (six out of seven) of the SR evaluated the effect of resistance training on HbA1C, of which 67% (four out of six) reported significant reductions. Forty-three per cent (three out of seven) of the SR included evaluated the effect of resistance training on BMI and only one showed reductions. None of the SR evaluated the effect of resistance training on postprandial GI. Only one of the seven SR reported studies with diet as a co-intervention and specified the percentage of protein. Only one of the SRs reported physical activity interventions. Finally, none of the SR reported results regarding the VO2max measured with resistance training. Conclusions: Resistance training has positive effects on HbA1C and there is evidence that it can reduce BMI in patients with DMT2. It was not possible to evaluate the effects of resistance training on postprandial GI given the lack of information in the SRs.