Laser Speckle Imaging (LSI) is an optical technique used to generate blood flow maps with high spatial and temporal resolution. A modified laser speckle imaging (mLSI) enables computation of blood flow maps with relatively high spatial resolution. Although it is known that the sensitivity and noise in LSI measurements depend on image exposure time, a fundamental disadvantage of mLSI is that it does not take into account this parameter. In this thesis, the exposure time into the mLSI method was integrated and provides experimental support for this approach with measurements from an in vitro flow phantom. In the other hand it is well known that in LSI, the speckle size must exceed the Nyquist criterion to maximize the speckle’s pattern contrast. The effect of speckle-pixel size ratio not only in dynamic speckle contrast, but also on the calculation of the relative flow speed for temporal and spatial analysis was studied as well. Data suggest that the temporal LSCI algorithm is more accurate at assessing the relative changes in flow speed than the spatial algorithm. Quantify the probabilities for women to develop breast cancer in the future or harbour breast cancer, via their bulk optical tissue properties is the objective of the clinical research in the Ontario Cancer Institute, Canada. As a part of this research, based on measurements of trans-illumination spectroscopy breast tissue from participants of the clinical research, hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin, collagen, lipids and water concentration and the scattering value were obtained by using the equation diffusion in this thesis work.