Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)International studies indicate that job satisfaction and burnout interfere with the safety climate and quality of care. However, no evidence of such relationships is available for Brazilian paediatric hospitals. Aims: To assess the correlation and predictive effect of emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction on the perception of professional nurses at paediatric hospitals regarding safety climate and quality of care. Design: Cross-sectional correlational design. Methods: The study was conducted with registered nurses, technician and assistant nurses from two Brazilian paediatric hospitals over 3 months in 2013-2014 using instruments to assess safety climate, quality of care, job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion. Results: Data related to 267 professional nurses from 15 inpatient wards and 3 intensive care units were analysed. Overall, the respondents exhibited moderate emotional exhaustion, were satisfied with their jobs and considered the quality of care as good. However, the respondents exhibited low concordance as to the positive perception of the safety climate. The variables, emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction, exhibited significant correlations with safety climate and were considered predictive of the latter. Conclusion: Emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction among professional nurses influence the safety climate at paediatric hospitals. Implications for nursing or health policy: Investments to reduce emotional exhaustion and to improve job satisfaction among professional nurses allocated to paediatric hospitals might contribute to the patients' safety.633328335Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2013/09441-0]Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)