This theoretical study aims to carry out similarities between the philosophical thoughts of Walter Benjamin and sociological reflections of Manuel Jacinto Sarmento about childhood, recursive temporality, childish experiences and cultures. For this, we divided our exposition into four sessions that aim: to highlight the childhood as historical category in the modernity; to present Benjamin’s look at the approach; to highlight the prospect through the Sarmento’s optical; Finally, to approximate the concepts. We consider that the main approximation between from both is to rethink the meaning of social dynamics and the relations of social actors in the contemporary time, so not only the meanings of childhood today, but the own human condition at the present time. © 2016, Centro de Estudos Educacao e Sociedade - CEDES. All rights reserved.37135497516