High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection was used for the quantification of ivermectin residues in bovine milk intended for human consumption. After liquid-liquid extraction of ivermectin and purification of the extract, the compound was derivatized with 1-methylimidazol in N,N-dimethyl formamide to form a fluorescent derivative, which was separated by HPLC, using reversed-phase C-18, with methanol : water (96:4 v/v) mobile phase at a flow rate 0.7 ml min(-1). The excitation and emission wavelengths of the fluorescence detector were adjusted at 360 and 470 nm, respectively. The linearity of the method was in the range 10-100 ng ivermectin ml(-1). Based on a sample of 5.0 ml, the limit of detection and the limit of quantification for ivermectin in milk were 0.6 and 2 ng ml(-1), respectively. The recovery rate varied from 76.4 to 87.2%, with an average of 77.9 +/- 3.2%, at four fortification levels. The inter-day precision of the method was 13% (n=5). Of 168 samples analysed, 17.8% contained ivermectin above the limit of quantification. Nevertheless, none of the samples contained ivermectin above the maximum residue limit (10 ng ml(-1)) established by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture.237668673