Artículos de revistas
Influence Of Smoking On Salivary Amylase Activity And Glycemic Curve [influência Do Fumo Na Atividade Da Amilase Salivar E Na Curva Glicêmica]
Registro en:
Revista De Nutricao. , v. 23, n. 4, p. 565 - 572, 2010.
14155273
10.1590/S1415-52732010000400007
2-s2.0-78650589621
Autor
Moriel P.
Madureira H.L.
Uwagoya A.K.Y.
Wlian L.
De Carvalho Pincinato E.
Institución
Resumen
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine salivary amylase activity and its relationship with glycemia before and after smokers and nonsmokers ingested carbohydrates..Since cigarette smoke reduces salivary amylase activity in vitro, it may affect dietary carbohydrate absorption. Methods: Twenty volunteers participated in this study, 10 smokers and 10 nonsmokers. Samples of saliva were collected before and after the smokers had a cigarette and glycemia was determined before and after the ingestion of 72g of carbohydrates. Glycemia was measured 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after carbohydrate intake. Salivary amylase activity was determined by commercial kits. Glycemia was determined by a glucometer (Accu-Chek-Roche). The paired t-test was used for the statistical analyses, done by the software Sigmastat, with p<0.05. Results: Glycemia 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes after carbohydrate intake rose 3.9%, 11.9%, 34.8% and 22.7% in nonsmokers and 4.9%, 6.5%, 13.8% and 9.7% in smokers, respectively. The peak glucose absorption in nonsmokers was 21.0% greater than in smokers. Salivary amylase activity before and after eating was 75.0% smaller in smokers. Conclusion: These results suggest that smoking inhibits amylase and has a negative impact on the digestion/absorption of carbohydrates, consequently in blood glucose levels, thereby reducing the amount of energy absorbed. 23 4 565 572 Pedersen, A.M., Bardow, A., Beier, J.S., Nauntofte, B., Saliva and gastrointestinal functions of taste, mastication, swallowing and digestion (2002) Oral Dis., 8 (3), pp. 117-129 Nieuw, A.V., Ligtenberg, A.J., Veerman, E.C., Implications for diagnostics in the biochemistry and physiology of saliva (2007) Ann N Y Acad Sci., 1098 (1), pp. 1-6 (2001) Centro Brasileiro de Informação sobre Drogas Psi-cotrópicas, , São Paulo: Unifesp Oga, S., (1996) Fundamentos de toxicologia, , São Paulo: Atheneu O'brien, C.P., Drug addiction and abuse (2001) Goodman and Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics, pp. 621-642. , Hardman JG, Limbird LE, editors. 10th ed. New York: Pregamon Planeta, C.S., Cruz, F.C., Bases neurofisiológicas da dependência de tabaco (2005) Rev Psiquiatr Clin, 32 (5), pp. 251-258 Rosemberg, J., (1981) Tabagismo: Sério problema de saúde pública, , São Paulo: Artmed Ferrara, C.M., Kumar, M., Nicklas, B., Mccrone, S., Goldberg, A.P., Weight gain and adipose tissue metabolism after smoking cessation in women (2001) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 25 (9), pp. 1322-1326 Filozof, C., Fernandez, P.M.C., Fernandez, C.A., Smoking cessation and weight gain (2004) Obes Rev, 5 (2), pp. 95-103 Allen, S.S., Allen, A.M., Mooney, M., Bade, T., Short-term weight gain by menstrual phase following smoking cessation in women (2009) Eat Behav, 10 (1), pp. 52-55 Burke, J.P., Hazuda, H.P., Stern, M.P., Rising trend in obesity in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites: Is it due to cigarette smoking cessation? (2000) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 24 (12), pp. 1689-1694 Gruber, J., Frakes, M., Does falling smoking lead to rising obesity (2006) J Health Econ, 25 (2), pp. 183-197 Levine, M.D., Marcus, M.D., Perkins, K.A., Women, weight, and smoking: A cognitive behavioral approach to women's concerns about weight gain following smoking cessation (2003) Cogn Behav Pract, 10 (2), pp. 105-111 Chaney, S.E., Sheriff, S., Weight gain among women during smoking cessation: Testing the effects of a multifaceted program (2008) AAOHN J, 56 (3), pp. 99-105 Nagler, R.M., Klein, I., Reznick, A.Z., The interaction between saliva and cigarette smoke and its devastating biological effects as related to oral cancer (2001) Harefuah, 140 (7), pp. 614-677 Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes [Internet], , www.diabetes.org.br/apundendo/contagem_carboidratos/tabeladecontagem.php, São Paulo: Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes [acesso 2008 jun 10]. Disponível em Nagler, R., Lischinsky, S., Diamond, E., Drigues, N., Klein, I., Reznick, A.Z., Effect of cigarette smoke on salivary proteins and enzyme activities (2000) Arch Biochem Biophys, 379 (2), pp. 229-236 Goi, N., Hirai, Y., Harada, H., Ikari, A., Ono, T., Kinae, N., Comparison of peroxidase response to mental arithmetic stress in saliva of smokers and non-smokers (2007) J Toxicol Sci, 32 (2), pp. 121-127 Zappacosta, B., Persichilli, S., De Sole, P., Mordente, A., Giardina, B., Effect of smoking one cigarette on antioxidant metabolites in the saliva of healthy smokers (1999) Arch Oral Biol, 44 (6), pp. 485-488 Zappacosta, B., Persichilli, S., Mordente, A., Minucci, A., Lazzaro, D., Meucci, E., Inhibition of salivary enzymes by cigarette smoke and the protective role of glutatione (2002) Hum Exp Toxicol, 21 (1), pp. 7-11 Moldeus, P., Berggren, M., Grafstrom, R., N-acetylcysteine protection against the toxicity of cigarette smoke and cigarette smoke condensates in various tissues and cells in vitro (1985) Eur J Respir Dis Suppl, 139 (1), pp. 123-129 Joshi, U.M., Kodavanti, P.R., Mehendale, H.M., Glutathione metabolism and utilization of external thiols by cigarette smoke-challenged, isolated rat and rabbit lungs (1988) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 96 (2), pp. 324-335 Reddy, S., Finkelstein, E.I., Wong, P.S., Phung, A., Cross, C.E., Vander Vliet, A., Identification of glutathione modifications by cigarette smoke (2002) Free Radic Biol Med, 33 (11), pp. 1490-1498 Eliasson, B., Cigarette smoking and diabetes (2003) Prog Cardiovasv Dis, 45 (5), pp. 405-413 Perry, I.J., Wannamethee, S.G., Walker, M.K., Thomson, A.G., Whincup, P.H., Shaper, A.G., Prospective study of risk factors for development of nominsulin dependent diabetes in middle aged British men (1995) BMJ, 310 (6979), pp. 560-564 Wannamethee, S.G., Shaper, A.G., Perry, I.J., Smoking as a modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes in middleaged men (2001) Diabetes Care, 24 (9), pp. 1590-1595 Uchimoto, S., Tsumura, K., Hayashi, T., Suematsu, C., Endo, G., Fujii, S., Impact of cigarette smoking on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Japanese men: The Osaka Health Survey (1999) Diabet Med, 16 (11), pp. 951-955 Manson, J.E., Ajani, U.A., Liu, S., Nathan, D.M., Hennekens, C.H., A prospective study of cigarette smoking and the incidence of diabetes mellitus among US male physicians (2000) Am J Med, 109 (7), pp. 538-542