In Brazil, Ficus mexiae is classified as Vulnerable under IUCN criteria, and to date there is only one report on pollinator activity for this species. Is not unusual to find cases where more than one species of wasp simultaneously occurs on and pollinates the same fig. In this study we present evidence that two Pegoscapus wasp species contribute to the pollination of F. mexiae and relationship between pollinators maybe competitive. These results indicate that the F. mexiae population represent an important element in the complex dynamics of maintaining diversity in neotropical Ficus spp.733605607Carauta, J.P.P., Diaz, B.E., (2002) Figueiras Do Brasil, p. 212. , Rio de Janeiro: Editora UFRJCarauta, J.P.P., Ficus (Moraceae) no Brasil: Conser-vação e Taxonomia (1989) Albertoa, 2, pp. 1-365Compton, S.G., A collapse of host specificity in some African fig wasps (1990) Society African Journal Science, 86 (1), pp. 39-40Compton, S.G., Holton, K.C., Rashbrook, V.K., Van Noort, S., Vincent, L., Ware, A.B., Studies of Ceratosolen galili, a non-pollinating Agaonid fig wasp (1991) Biotropica, 23, pp. 188-194Cook, J.M., Rasplus, J.Y., Mutualists with attitude: Coevolving fig wasps and figs (2003) Trends In Ecology & Evolution, 18, pp. 241-248Haine, E., Martin, J., Cook, J.M., Deep mtDNA divergences indicate cryptic species in fig-pollinating wasps (2006) BMC Evolutionary Biology, 6 (83). , doi:10.1186/1471-2148-6-83Harrison, R.D., Figs and the diversity of tropical rainforests (2005) Bioscience, 55, pp. 1053-1064(2011) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2, , www.iucnredlist.org, IUCN, Access in: 16 nov. 2011Kerdelhué, C., Hochberg, M.E., Rasplus, J.Y., Active pollination of Ficus sur by two sympatric fig wasp species in West Africa (1997) Biotropica, 29, pp. 69-75Machado, C.A., Robbins, N., Gilbert, M.T.P., Her-Re, E.A., A critical review of host-specificity and its co-evolutionary implications in the fig/fig wasp mutualism (2005) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102 (SUPPL. 1), pp. 6558-6565Ramirez, W.B., Host specificity of figwasps (Agaonidae) (1970) Evolution, 24, pp. 680-691Ramirez, W.B., Coevolution of Ficus and Agaonidae (1974) Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 61, pp. 770-780Rasplus, J.Y., The one-to-one specificity of the Ficus-Agaoninae mutualism: Howcasual? (1996) The Biodiversity of African Plants, pp. 639-649. , In VAN DER MAE-SEN, LJG., VAN DER BURGT, XM., VAN MEDEN-BACH DE ROOY, JM. (Ed.), Wageningen: Kluwer Academic PublishersSchiffler, G., Fig Wasps (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae) associated to Ficus mexiae Standl (Moraceae) in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil (2002) Neotropical Entomology, 31 (4), pp. 653-655Shanahan, M., So, S., Compton, S.G., Corlett, R., Fig-eating by vertebrate frugivores: A global review (2001) Biological Reviews, 76 (4), pp. 529-572Vaamonde, L.C., Dixon, D.J., Cook, J., Rasplus, J.Y., Revision of the Australian species of Pleistodontes (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae) fig-pollinating wasps and their host plant associations (2002) Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 136, pp. 637-683Ware, A.B., Compton, S.G., Breakdown of pollinator specificity in an African Fig Tree (1992) Biotropica, 24 (4), pp. 544-549Weiblen, G.D., Phylogenetic relation- ships of fig wasps pollinating function- ally dioecious figs based onmitochondrial DNA sequences and morphology (2001) Systematic Biology, 50, pp. 243-267Wiebes, J.T., Co-evolution of figs and their insect pollinator (1979) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 10, pp. 1-12Wiebes, J.T., The new World Agaoninae (pollinators of figs) (1995) Verhandelingen Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie Wetenschappen Afdeling Natuurkunde, p. 60. , 2nd ed. WetenschappenWieblen, G.D., How to be a Fig Wasp (2002) Annual Review of Entomology, 47, pp. 299-330Zar, J.H., (1974) Bioestatistical Analysis, p. 620. , Englewood Clifs: Prentice-Hall