One of the challenges in contemporary ecological studies is not only the conciliation of native people with conservation units, but also the involvement of those people in the local management of resources. Many traditional (or neo-traditional) methods may be associated with ecological principles and this idea is part of the concept of an extractive reserve. One example is the Upper Jurua Extractive Reserve. Here I analyze the possibilities to expand the idea of extractive reserves to the Atlanti forest.5012428