Objective: To verify the auditory selective attention in children with stroke. Methods: Dichotic tests of binaural separation (non-verbal and consonant-vowel) and binaural integration - digits and Staggered Spondaic Words Test (SSW) - were applied in 13 children (7 boys), from 7 to 16 years, with unilateral stroke confirmed by neurological examination and neuroimaging. Results: The attention performance showed significant differences in comparison to the control group in both kinds of tests. In the non-verbal test, identifications the ear opposite the lesion in the free recall stage was diminished and, in the following stages, a difficulty in directing attention was detected. In the consonant- vowel test, a modification in perceptual asymmetry and difficulty in focusing in the attended stages was found. In the digits and SSW tests, ipsilateral, contralateral and bilateral deficits were detected, depending on the characteristics of the lesions and demand of the task. Conclusion: Stroke caused auditory attention deficits when dealing with simultaneous sources of auditory information.7111117Kolk, A., Ennok, M., Laugesaar, R., Kadoja, M.L., Talvik, T., Long-term cognitive outcomes after pediatric stroke (2011) Pediatr Neurol, 44, pp. 101-109Westmacott, R., Askalan, R., Macgregor, D., Anderson, P., Deveber, G., Cognitive outcome following unilateral arterial ischaemic stroke in childhood: Effects of age at stroke and lesion location (2010) Dev Med Child Neurol, 52, pp. 387-393Pavlovic, J., Kaufmann, K., Boltshauser, E., Neuropsychological problems after paediatrics stroke: Two year follow-up of Swiss children (2006) Neuropediatrics, 37, pp. 13-19Cnossen, M.H., Aarsen, F.K., Akker, S.L.J., Paediatric arterial ischaemic stroke: Functional outcome and risk factors (2010) Dev Med Child Neurol, 52, pp. 394-399Braun, K.P.J., Bulder, M.M.M., Chabrier, S., The course and outcome of unilateral intracranial artheriopathy in 79 children with ischaemic stroke (2008) Brain, 132, pp. 544-557Stroke in childhood: Clinical guidelines for diagnosis, management and rehabilitation (2004) The Royal College of Physicians, 1, pp. 31-41. , Paediatric Stroke Working GroupBlom, I., de Schryver, E.L.L.M., Kappele, L.J., Rinkel, G.J.E., Jennekens-Schinkel, A., Peters, A.C.B., Prognosis of haemorrhagic stroke in childhood: A long-term follow-up study (2003) Dev Med Child Neurol, 45, pp. 233-239Hogan, A.M., Kirkham, F.J., Bchir, M.B., Isaacs, E.B., Intelligence after stroke in childhood: Review of the literature and suggestions for future research (2000) J Child Neurol, 15, pp. 325-332Ganesan, V., Hogan, A., Shack, N., Gordon, A., Isaacs, E., Kirkham, F.J., Outcome after ischemic stroke in children (2000) Dev Med Child Neurol, 42, pp. 455-461Bellis, T.J., (2003) Assessment and Management of Central Auditory Processing Disorders In the Educational Setting: From Science to Practice, , 2nd ed. Clifton Park, New York: Delmar LearningYavas, M., Hernandorena, C.M., Lamprecht, R.R., (2001) Avaliação Fonológica Da Criança: Reeducação E Terapia, , Porto Alegre: ArtmedPereira, L.D., Schochat, E., (1997) Processamento Auditivo Central: Manual De Avaliação, , São Paulo: LoviseLemos, S.M.A., (2000) Análise De Sons Não-verbais Sobrepostos Por Escolares: Influência Dos Distúrbios Da Comunicação E Audição [dissertação De Mestrado], , Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrasilTedesco, M.L.F., (1995) Audiometria Verbal: Teste Dicótico Consoante-vogal Em Escolares De 7 a 12 Anos De Idade [dissertação De Mestrado], , Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrasilSauer, L.O., (1997) Teste Dicótico Consoante-vogal E Indivíduos De 8 a 12 Anos De Idade [monografia De Especialização], , Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrasilMoura-Ribeiro, M.V.L., Ferreira, L.S., Montenegro, M.A., Doença cerebrovascular na infância: Aspectos clínicos em 42 casos (1999) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 57, pp. 594-598Amlie-Lefond, C., Sébire, G., Fullerton, H.J., Recent developments in childhood arterial ischaemic stroke (2008) Lancet Neurol, 7, pp. 425-435Raju, T.N.K., Nelson, K.B., Ferriero, D., Lynch, J.K., Ischemic perinatal stroke: Summary of workshop sponsored by the Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (2007) Pediatrics, 120, pp. 609-616Krleza, J.L., Duranovic, V., Lujic, L., The burden of paediatric stroke and cerebrovascular disorders in Croatia (2009) Int J Stroke, 4, pp. 390-394Bamiou, D.E., Sisodiya, S., Musiek, F.E., Luxon, L.M., The role of interhemispheric pathway in hearing (2007) Brain Res Rev, 56, pp. 170-182Crinion, J.T., Lambon-Ralph, M.A., Warburton, E.A., Howard, D., Wise, R.J.S., Temporal lobe regions engaged during normal speech comprehension (2003) Brain, 126, pp. 1193-1201Ortiz, K.Z., Pereira, L.D., Borges, A.C.L.C., Vilanova, L.C.P., Verbal and non-verbal auditory processing: A comparative study (2003) Iran Audiol, 2, pp. 52-60Bamiou, D.E., Musiek, F.E., Luxon, L.M., The insula (Island of Reil) and its role in auditory processing: Literature review (2003) Brain Res Rev, 42, pp. 143-154Isaacs, E., Christie, D., Vargha-Khadem, F., Mishkin, M., Effects of hemisphere side of injury, and presence of seizure disorder on functional ear and hand asymmetries in hemiplegic children (1996) Neuropsychologia, 34, pp. 127-137Brizzolara, D., Pecini, C., Brovedani, P., Ferretti, G., Cipriani, P., Cioni, G., Timing and type of congenital brain lesion determine different patterns of language lateralization in hemiplegic children (2002) Neuropsychologia, 40, pp. 620-632Chilosi, A.M., Cipriani, P., Pecini, C., Acquired focal brain lesions in childhood: Effects on development and reorganization of language (2008) Brain Lang, 106, pp. 211-225Sidtis, J.J., Predicting brain organization from dichotic listening performance: Cortical and subcortical functional asymmetries contribute to perceptual asymmetries (1982) Brain Lang, 17, pp. 287-300Wexler, B.E., Halwes, T., Dichotic listening tests in studying brain-behavior relationships (1985) Neuropsychologia, 23, pp. 545-559Mackersie, C.L., Boothroyd, A., Prida, T., Use of simultaneous sentence perception test to enhance sensitivity to ease of listening (2000) J Speech Lang Hear Res, 43, pp. 675-682