Cisplatin is an antineoplastic agent used to treat solid malignancies, such as ovarian, testicular and bladder tumors. Studies have been shown that cisplatin induces genotoxic effects and chromosomal alterations that can result in genetic and chromosomal instability. In this work, we investigated the effects of cisplatin on the cytogenetic traits of cultured V79 cells based on the modal chromosome number, mitotic index, frequency of polyploidy and number of aneuploid metaphases. Cisplatin-treated V79 cells showed an altered chromosome number distribution, as well as an enhanced mitotic index, frequency of polyploidy and number of aneuploid metaphases. These alterations were probably related to the genetic instability produced by cisplatin. 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