Septic arthritis demands early diagnosis and correct treatment if the function of the joint is to be restored. Sometimes, as in fungal infection, signs and symptoms may be mild and the diagnosis delayed. Nevertheless, the outcome of fungal arthritis is severe and usually causes joint disability. The authors report two patients with chronic monoarthritis due to Sporothrix schenckii infection diagnosed by synovial fluid cultures. Their clinical presentation, laboratory and image findings, and their treatment and follow-up are analyzed and compared to previously reported cases. These cases illustrate the differential diagnosis of monoarthritis in immunocompetent adults and picture clinical features that could lead to early diagnosis and proper treatment. © Clinical Rheumatology 2005.256926928Cuellar, M.L., Silveira, L.H., Citera, G.E., Cabrera, G.E., Valle, R., Other fungal arthritides (1993) Rheum Dis Clin North Am, 19, pp. 439-455Yacobucci, G.N., Santilli, M.D., Sporotrichosis of the knee. A case report (1986) Orthopedics, 9, pp. 387-390Kauffman, C.A., Hajjeh, R., Chapman, S.W., Practice Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Sporotrichosis. For the Mycosis Study Group Infections Diseases Society of America (2000) Clin Infect Dis Relat Res, 30, pp. 684-687Howell, S.J., Toohey, J.S., Sporotrichal arthritis in south central Kansas (1998) Clin Orthop, 346, pp. 207-214Mercurio, M.G., Elewski, B.E., Therapy of sporotrichosis (1993) Semin Dermatol, 12, pp. 285-289Heller, H.M., Fuhrer, J., Disseminated sporotrichosis in patients with AIDS: Case report and review of the literature (1991) AIDS, 5, pp. 1243-1246Sandhu, K., Gupta, S., Potassium iodide remains the most effective therapy for cutaneous sporotrichosis (2003) J Dermatolog Treat, 14, pp. 200-202Ozcan, A., Senol, M., Karaca, S., Sener, S., Polat, M., Ozerol, I.H., A case of sporotrichosis treated with itraconazole (2003) Med Mycol, 41, pp. 443-445Hampton, D.E., Adesina, A., Chodosh, J., Conjunctival sporotrichosis in the absence of antecedent trauma (2002) Cornea, 21, pp. 831-833Ghosh, A., Chakrabarti, A., Hemashettar, B.M., Maiti, P.K., In vitro susceptibility pattern of Sporothrix schenckii strains isolated from three centers in India (2001) Indian J Med Res, 113, pp. 214-220McGinnis, M.R., Nordoff, N., Li, R.K., Pasarell, L., Warnock, D.W., Sporothrix schenckii sensitivity to voriconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B (2001) Med Mycol, 39, pp. 369-371De Rosso, J.Q., Gupta, A.K., Oral itraconazole therapy for superficial, subcutaneous, and systemic infections. A panoramic view (1999) Postgrad Med, 7, pp. 46-52Wescott, B.L., Nasser, A., Jarolim, D.R., Sporothrix meningitis (1999) Nurse Pract, 24, pp. 97-98. , 90, 93-94Winn, R.E., Anderson, J., Piper, J., Aronson, N.E., Pluss, J., Systemic sporotrichosis treated with itraconazole (1993) Clin Infect Dis, 17, pp. 210-217