Artículos de revistas
¿Es no separable la mecánica cuántica?
Institución
Resumen
DESDE SUS INICIOS, LA MECÁNICA CUÁNTICA SE HA POSTULADO COMO UNA TEORÍA NO SEPARABLE, SIN EMBARGO ÉSTE HA SIDO SIEMPRE UN PUNTO GENERADOR DE GRAN POLÉMICA. LOS ARGUMENTOS A FAVOR O EN CONTRA DEL CARÁCTER NO LOCAL DE LA TEORÍA CUÁNTICA HAN ESTADO SIEMPRE VINCULADOS DE MANERA ESTRECHA CON SUS FUNDAMENTOS. LA TENDENCIA GENERALIZADA A LA FECHA ES PENSAR QUE LOS EFECTOS NO SEPARABLES HAN SIDO VERIFICADOS Y QUE LA ”MUERTE” DEL REALISMO COMO VISIÓN FILOSÓFICA ES INEVITABLE. AÚN ASÍ, LA DISCUSIÓN NO HA SIDO CERRADA, PUESTO QUE LOS EXPERIMENTOS REALIZADOS SE APOYAN EN HIPÓTESIS EXPERIMENTALES MUY FUERTES NO VERIFICADAS, LO CUAL DE BUENAS RAZONES PARA DUDAR DE ELLOS. DE HECHO EXISTEN MODELOS REALISTAS Y LOCALES QUE REPRODUCEN LOS RESULTADOS DE LOS EXPERIMENTOS REALIZADOS. EL PRINCIPAL OBJETIVO DE ESTE ARTÍCULO ES EXPONER ALGUNAS DE LAS CRÍTICAS QUE DEMUESTRAN QUE EL REALISMO NO HA SIDO DESCARTADO Y QUE, MUY POR EL CONTRARIO, EXISTEN TEORÍAS REALISTAS ALTERNATIVAS QUE PERMITEN UN ENTENDIMIENTO MUCHO MÁS AMPLIO DE LOS FENÓMENOS CUÁNTICOS.AbstractSINCE ITS BEGINNING, QUANTUM MECHANICS HAS BEEN PROPOSED AS A NON-SEPARABLE THEORY, HOWEVER, THIS HAS BEEN CONTROVERSIAL ISSUE. THE ARGUMENTS WITH OR AGAINST THE NON-LOCAL CHARACTER OF THE QUANTUM THEORY HAS ALWAYS BEEN CLOSELY RELATED TO ITS FOUNDATIONS. NOWDAYS THE GENERAL OPINIONS IS THAT NON-LOCAL EFFECTS HAD BEEN VERIFIED AND THE ”DEAD” OF REALISM AS A PHILOLOSOPHICAL POINT OF VIEW IS UNAVOIDABLE. NEVERLESS, THE DISCUSSION STILLS OPEN, SINCE THE PERFORMED EXPERIMENTS RELY ON VERY STRONG AND UNVERIFIED EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHESIS. ACTUALLY THERE ARE REALISTIC AND LOCAL MODELS WHICH REPRODUCE THE EXPERIMENTALS RESULTS. THE MAIN GOAL OF THIS PAPER IS TO EXPOSE SOME OF THE CRITICS WHICH SHOW THAT REALISM HAS NOT BEEN REJECTED, BUT IN FACT THERE ARE ALTERNATIVE REALISTIC THEORIES WHICH ALLOW DEEP UNDERSTANDING OF THE QUANTUM BEHAVIOR. SINCE ITS BEGINNING, QUANTUM MECHANICS HAS BEEN PROPOSED AS A NON-SEPARABLE THEORY, HOWEVER, THIS HAS BEEN CONTROVERSIAL ISSUE. THE ARGUMENTS WITH OR AGAINST THE NON-LOCAL CHARACTER OF THE QUANTUM THEORY HAS ALWAYS BEEN CLOSELY RELATED TO ITS FOUNDATIONS. NOWDAYS THE GENERAL OPINIONS IS THAT NON-LOCAL EFFECTS HAD BEEN VERIFIED AND THE ""DEAD"" OF REALISM AS A PHILOLOSOPHICAL POINT OF VIEW IS UNAVOIDABLE. NEVERLESS, THE DISCUSSION STILLS OPEN, SINCE THE PERFORMED EXPERIMENTS RELY ON VERY STRONG AND UNVERIFIED EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHESIS. ACTUALLY THERE ARE REALISTIC AND LOCAL MODELS WHICH REPRODUCE THE EXPERIMENTALS RESULTS. THE MAIN GOAL OF THIS PAPER IS TO EXPOSE SOME OF THE CRITICS WHICH SHOW THAT REALISM HAS NOT BEEN REJECTED, BUT IN FACT THERE ARE ALTERNATIVE REALISTIC THEORIES WHICH ALLOW DEEP UNDERSTANDING OF THE QUANTUM BEHAVIOR.