Extracellular pH changes may constitute significant signals for neuronal communication. During synaptic transmission, changes in pH in the synaptic cleft take place. Its role in the regulation of presynaptic Ca2+ currents ...

Brain aging has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and changes in nitric oxide levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria to aging-dependent ...

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) regulate synaptic activities and play important roles in neurodegenerative diseases. It has been reported that homomeric ASIC-1a channels are expressed in neurons of the medial nucleus of ...

Acylpeptide hydrolase (ACPH), a serine protease present in the central nervous system (CNS), is believed to have a function in modulating synaptic plasticity, cleavage of beta amyloid peptide and degradation of aggregated ...

Our ability to learn and remember depends on the active formation, remodeling, and elimination of synapses. Thus, the development and growth of synapses as well as their weakening and elimination are essential for neuronal ...

The cortical network recurrent circuitry generates spontaneous activity organized into Up (active) and Down (quiescent) states during slow-wave sleep or anesthesia. These different states of cortical activation gain modulate ...

Understanding the biological complexity of the central nervous system (CNS) is a frontier in neuroscience. Morphological organization of the CNS represents the basis for its functional properties underlying higher brain ...

In contrast to trials of training without intervals (massed training), training trials spaced over time (spaced training) induce a more persistent memory identified as long-term memory (LTM). This phenomenon, known as the ...

Synaptic loss induced by soluble oligomeric forms of the amyloid β peptide (sAβos) is one of the earliest events in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is thought to be the major cause of the cognitive deficits. These abnormalities ...