Game theory models predict that fighting ability should be more important in contest outcome when the payoffs of winning are high for both contestants, and ownership should be more important when payoffs are low. Male ...

Intense male-male competition for females may drive the evolution of male morphological dimorphism, which is frequently associated with alternative mating tactics. Using modern techniques for the detection of discontinuous ...

Although sex of mature fish is known to influence aggression, this issue has so far been neglected in juveniles. Here, we tested this sex effect and showed that it does not significantly affect intraspecific aggression in ...

Male-biased sexual size dimorphism (SSD), or a lack of SSD, in amphibians may be related to the territoriality. Male-biased SSD is quite abundant among the species of the Neotropical hylid genus Bokermannohyla. However, ...

Injury in male baboons (Papio cynocephalus) was investigated as an indicator of damaging fights in order to provide a framework for analyses of conflict resolution and dynamics of agonistic competition in primates. The ...

Aggression among individuals which compete for resources such as food or territory, or to establish dominance relationships, can cause injuries that may be risky for the contenders. In this way, individuals of many species ...