In oviparous species, proteins and lipids found in the vitellus form the lipoproteins called lipovitellins that are the major source of energy for the development, growth, and survival of the embryo. The energy resources ...

During reproduction vitellogenin (VTG) is transported to vitellogenic oocytes as a precursor of egg yolk lipovitellin (LV). As VTG synthesis is affected by environmental stressors, it is widely used as biomarker in endocrine ...

The development of Pardosa saltans wolf spiders inside an egg sac includes two periods: an embryonic period and a post-embryonic period after hatching. We investigated spiderlings’ energy expenditure to assess energetic ...

Vitellogenesis represents one of the most vital processes of oviparous species during which various proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids are synthesized and stored inside the developing oocytes. Through analyzing protein ...