A non-autonomous model was developed for vascular tumor growth and cancer metastasis under periodic perturbations that simulate chronotherapy. It was found that for a critical amplitude and a perturbation frequency of twice ...

Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) is a high-altitude (HA) maladaptation syndrome characterised by elevated systemic oxidative-nitrosative stress (OXNOS) due to a free radical-mediated reduction in vascular nitric oxide (NO) ...

Studies on living turtles have demonstrated that shells are involved in the resistance to hypoxia during apnea via bone acidosis buffering; a process which is complemented with cutaneous respiration, transpharyngeal and ...

The measurement of plasma volume (V p ) in humans and animals is frequently performed by the Evans blue dye dilution method. However, after injection of Evans blue into the circulation, no steady state is observed because ...

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play critical roles in the stability and tonic regulation of vascular homeostasis. VSMCs can switch back and forth between highly proliferative synthetic and fully differentiated ...