We argue that therapy must lead rather than follow vis-à-vis cancer evolution. Clinical experience suggests that the evading phenotype resulting from treatment can never be fully anticipated or eliminated when a single ...

The production of β-lactamase enzymes is one of the most distributed resistance mechanisms towards β-lactam antibiotics. Metallo-β-lactamases constitute a worrisome group of these kinds of enzymes, since they present a ...

Transgenic cotton plants producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) (Berliner) insecticidal proteins have contributed to the management of key lepidopteran pests. Larval high dispersal rates between non-Bt and Bt plants in ...

Chagas disease is a chronic parasitic infection restricted to America. The disease is caused by the protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted to human through the feces of infected triatomine insects. Because no ...

The selection pressure imposed by the widespread use of transgenic technologies can lead to the evolution of insect resistance, and the availability of refuge areas that allow susceptible homozygous insects to survive is ...

Recent advances in bacterial whole-genome sequencing have resulted in a comprehensive catalog of antibiotic resistance genomic signatures in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. With a view to pre-empt the emergence of resistance, ...

Gene mutations endowing herbicide resistance may have negative pleiotropic effects on plant fitness. Quantifying these effects is critical for predicting the evolution of herbicide resistance and developing management ...