Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease accompanied by demyelination of neurons in the central nervous system that mostly affects young adults, especially women. This disease has two ...

Objective Early stress events severely impact brain and behaviour. From a neurobiological point of view early stress influences neuroanatomical structures and is associated with a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituit ...

The complexity of human aging and longevity results from a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, chromatin structure, and RNA interference, regulate ...

Despite decades of investigations and accumulated scientific knowledge, preterm birth (PTB) remains a significant burden worldwide. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this condition, and a number of risk ...

Epigenetics refers to the study of how genes express their phenotypic effect, all of which can be modified by the environment. Recently, pregnancy, labour and birth have been proposed as critical periods of exposure to ...

The hypothesis of 'Developmental Origins of Health and Disease' (DOHaD) relies on the presence of mechanisms sensing and signalling a diversity of stimuli during fetal development. The mechanisms that have been broadly ...

The emergence of highly pathogenic strains of influenza virus and coronavirus (CoV) has been responsible for large epidemic and pandemic outbreaks characterised by severe pulmonary illness associated with high morbidity ...

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most malignant tumors and the second or third most common type of cancer in women worldwide. The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and CC is widely known and accepted (99.7% ...

Obesity and metabolic disorders are increasing worldwide and are associated with brain atrophy and dysfunction, which are risk factors for late-onset dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Epidemiological studies demonstrated ...