Epidemiological evidence links alcohol intake with increased risk in breast cancer. Not all the characteristics of the correlation can be explained in terms of changes in hormonal factors. In this work, we explore the ...

Progesterone receptors (PR) play a pivotal role in many female reproductive tissues such as the uterus, the ovary, and the mammary gland (MG). Moreover, PR play a key role in breast cancer growth and progression. This has ...

Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) has been established as a normal mechanism of peripheral tolerance and immunosuppression. Besides, malignant tumors release microvesicles (MV) related with tumor dissemination. The aims ...

There is a consensus that progestins and thus their cognate receptor molecules, the progesterone receptors (PRs), are essential in the development of the adult mammary gland and regulators of proliferation and lactation. ...

Sex steroids, particularly estrogen and progesterone, promote normal breast tissue growth and differentiation. Prolonged exposure of estrogen and/or progesterone is well-documented to be the risk factor for breast cancer ...

The clinical efficacy of therapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is still limited. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Li and colleagues identify a PD-L1 glycosylation-based mechanism in triple-negative breast cancer that ...

Progesterone (Pg) is a pregnancy-related hormone that prepares the endometrium for the implantation of the fertilized zygote and suppresses myometrial contractility for the maintenance of pregnancy. At high concentrations, ...

Years of investigation have shed light on a theory in which breast tumor epithelial cells are under the effect of the stromal microenvironment. This review aims to discuss recent findings concerning the phenotypic and ...

The CCN family of matricellular proteins is essential for cell communication and mediation of epithelial stromal cross-talks with roles in development and cancer. In particular, loss of CCN6 messenger RNA expression has ...