Artículo de revista
Prevalencia de síndrome metabólico en individuos de etnia Mapuche residentes en zonas rurales y urbanas de Chile
Fecha
2014Registro en:
Rev Med Chile 2014; 142: 953-960
07176163
00349887
10.4067/S0034-98872014000800001
Autor
Ibáñez, Luis
Sanzana, Ruth
Salas, Carlos
Navarrete, Claudia
Cartes Velásquez, Ricardo
Rainqueo, Angélica
Jara, Tamara
Pérez Bravo, Francisco
Ulloa, Natalia
Calvo, Carlos
Miquel, Juan F.
Celis Morales, Carlos
Institución
Resumen
Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) increases the risk of diabetes and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. However,
the prevalence of MS could differ by ethnicity and lifestyle factors.
Aim:To determine the prevalence of MS in Mapuche individuals living
in urban and rural environments in Chile and to investigate whether
the prevalence and risk of MS in urban and rural environments differs
by sex, age and nutritional status. Material and Methods: A total of
1077 Mapuche participants were recruited from urban (MU = 288)
and rural (MR = 789) settings. Body mass index, waist circumference
and blood pressure were measured. A fasting blood sample was obtained
to measure serum glucose, HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol. The
prevalence of MS was determined using the unified IDF and ATP-III
criteria. Results: An environment and sex interaction was found for the
prevalence of MS (p = 0.042). The prevalence was significantly lower
in male MR (13%) compared to other groups (22, 23 and 25% among
female MR, female MU and male MU respectively). Also, the prevalence
of central obesity and low HDL-cholesterol were significantly lower in
male MR. MU are at an increased risk of developing MS compared to
MR, with an odds ratio of 1.59 (95% confidence intervals 1.1 to 2.2).
This risk increases along with age or body mass index of the population.
Conclusions: The adoption of an urbanized lifestyle increases the risk
of developing MS in Mapuche individuals. This risk is enhanced by
age and nutritional status.