masterThesis
Revisión sistemática : relación entre la exposición ocupacional a radiación ionizante y cáncer de tiroides
Fecha
2017Autor
Galvis Jiménez, José David
Vergara Gamboa, Aura Andrea
Galvis Navarro, Graciela Rosario
Institución
Resumen
Introduction: after the discovery of X-rays, the risks related to radiation exposure were poorly understood and high doses of radiation were used freely for many years. Thyroid cancer is considered the most common cancer of endocrine origin and its incidence has increased continuously in recent decades; the reasons for this increase are not yet known, but it has been suggested that this trend reflects a combination of technological advances that allow greater detection and changes in environmental factors, including exposure to ionizing radiation. Materials and methods: for this review the PRISMA methodology was used, a search of scientific articles published in indexed journals of the PubMed database was carried out, using the combination of the keywords THYROID CANCER, RADIATION EXPOSURE and OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE; applying the selection criteria, 15 articles were finally taken for analysis. Results: selected articles were grouped by exposure measure, studies were found that describe health workers exposed to ionizing radiation, working population whose exposure was secondary to large-scale nuclear radiological accidents and workers from the nuclear industry and other occupationally exposed occupations to ionizing radiation. In most of the studies analyzed, a positive relationship was found between exposure to ionizing radiation and thyroid cancer and in those in which no causal association was found, no doses were established or their averaged doses did not exceed 100 mSv / year. Conclusions: contradictory results were found between exposure to ionizing radiation and thyroid cancer. From this review it is important to highlight the need to establish more studies with longer follow-up and a better evaluation of the exposure.