Libros
Research and Development Expenditure in Industry 1973-92
Fecha
1995Registro en:
92-64-14402-1
Institución
Resumen
Industrial research & development (R&D) is defined as R&D activities carried out in the business enterprise sector, regardless of the origin of funding. While the govemment and the higher education sectors also carry out R&D activities, industrial R&D remains the most closely linked to the creation of new products and production techniques. This report presents the results of recent OECD efforts toimprove the quality and availability of business enterprise expenditure on R&D (BERD) data for the OECD countries. The objective being to provide the most accurate industrial R&D data for use inanalytical projects.The lirst chapter of the report provides an overview of the official BERD (OFFBERD) database and the analytical BERD (ANBERD) database which are maintained by the OECD. It describes their relative strengths and weaknesses, and the steps that have been undertaken to identily and correct theshortcomings of the OFFBERD data for inclusion in ANBERD.The second chapter presents the ANBERD database developed by the OECD. The ANBERDdatabase was constructed with the objective of creating a consistent data set, that overcomes the problems of international comparability and time discontinuity associated with the official BERD data provided to the OECD by the Member countries. Based on estimates, the ANBERD database is published under the responsibility of the Secretary General of the OECD and does not represent Membercountries' official submissions of business enterprise R&D data. The ANBERD estimates presented cover the period 1973 to 1992 and 27 industries for twelve countries: Australia, Canada, Denmark,Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States (Germany in ANBERD relers to the Federal Republic 01 Germany belore the unification).Chapter III provides historical time series of official BERD (OFFBERD) for all OECD Member countries. OFFBERD figures are given in national currencies at current prices and cover some 36 industries, including industry sub-totals from 1973 to 1986 in ISIC, Revision 2 and 60 industries from 1987 to 1992 in ISIC, Revision 3. Each country's OFFBERD tables are preceded by a description of the sources and methods used in constructing the national R&D survey, showing the problems ofintemational R&D comparability. OFFBERD is also presented with detailed numerical notes which identily the numerous anomalies found in the industry level R&D data lor every country.The industrial disaggregation employed in the ANBERD and OFFBERD tables are illustrated in Table 1A. (see page 11) and corresponds to the OECD industrial classilication used for its internationalR&D surveys (ISY). ISY relers to the OECD International Statistical Year industrial classilication.