The technique of Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is applied for qualifying ethanol adulterated with water and / or methanol. We used the commercial TDR model VG400, which was originally developed for determining soil ...

Over the last ten years Earth observing systems have grown considerably and thus allow the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals for remote sensing. Several studies in the U.S. have proven the ability ...

Over the last ten years Earth observing systems have grown considerably and thus allow the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals for remote sensing. Several studies in the U.S. have proven the ability ...

In this study, we compare gridded snow depth estimates from the Snow Data Assimilation System (SNODAS) with snow depth observations derived from GPS interferometric reflectometry (GPS-IR) from roughly 100 Plate Boundary ...

The validation of remote sensing environmental estimates requires knowledge of their spatial extent and resolution. Here, we consider coherent radio reflections routinely observed in ground-based global positioning system ...

Multipath is detrimental for both GPS positioning and timing applications. However, the benefits of GPS multipath for reflectometry have become increasingly clear for monitoring soil moisture, snow depth, and vegetation ...